# http://proceedings.mlr.press/v101/huang19a/huang19a.pdf
# https://www.researchgate.net/publication/220875351_Generative_Models_for_Labeling_Multi-object_Configurations_in_Images
# https://www.tensorflow.org/datasets/catalog/open_images_v4
# Auto-Encoding Progressive Generative Adversarial Networks For 3D Multi Object Scenes

TODO

1. Grid search over K and cov-type and determine Params with highest LL over test data. datasets: mnist, fashion_mnist, kitti

datasets to experiment

1. celeb_a : can't download
2. coil100 :
3. dsprites
4. flic
5. s3o4d
6. scene_parse150

%config Completer.use_jedi = False
from ipywidgets import IntProgress
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from tensorflow.keras import layers, losses
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
import tensorflow as tf
import logging
import tensorflow_datasets as tfds
import pandas as pd
from tqdm import tqdm_notebook as tqdm
from sklearn.mixture import GaussianMixture
import os

seed = 1
np.random.seed(1)
tf.random.set_seed(1)

batch_size = 32
epochs = 10
dataset_name = 'kitti'

if dataset_name == 'bdd100k':
    train_ds = tf.keras.preprocessing\
        .image_dataset_from_directory(directory='../data/bdd100k/images/10k/train1/',batch_size=batch_size)# train
    test_ds = tf.keras.preprocessing\
        .image_dataset_from_directory(directory='../data/bdd100k/images/10k/test1/',batch_size=batch_size) # test
    validation_ds = tf.keras.preprocessing\
        .image_dataset_from_directory(directory='../data/bdd100k/images/10k/val1/',batch_size=batch_size) # validation
elif dataset_name in ['flic','fashion_mnist','mnist','kitti']:
    train_ds,test_ds = tfds.load(name=dataset_name,split=['train', 'test']\
                                               ,as_supervised=False,download=True)
    validation_ds = test_ds
elif dataset_name in ['wider_face']:
    train_ds,test_ds,validation_ds = tfds.load(name=dataset_name,split=['train', 'test','validation']\
                                               ,as_supervised=False,download=True)
else:
    raise ValueError(f'Unhandled dataset {dataset_name}')

if dataset_name == 'bdd100k':
    dims = [x[0].get_shape().as_list() for x in train_ds]
    dims_df= pd.DataFrame.from_records(data=dims,columns=['batch','height','width','depth'])
else:
    dims = [x['image'].get_shape().as_list() for x in train_ds]
    dims_df= pd.DataFrame.from_records(data=dims,columns=['height','width','depth'])
dims_df.describe()

	height	width	depth
count	6347.000000	6347.000000	6347.0
mean	374.481960	1240.112494	3.0
std	1.447946	5.220926	0.0
min	370.000000	1224.000000	3.0
25%	375.000000	1242.000000	3.0
50%	375.000000	1242.000000	3.0
75%	375.000000	1242.000000	3.0
max	375.000000	1242.000000	3.0

m = 20
height = int(min(dims_df['height'])/m)*m
width = int(min(dims_df['width'])/m)*m
# height = 2**(int(np.log2(min(dims_df['height']))))
# width = 2**(int(np.log2(min(dims_df['width']))))
depth = min(dims_df['depth'])
height,width = min(height,width),min(height,width)
height,width,depth

(360, 360, 3)

for t in train_ds.take(3):
    print(t.keys())

dict_keys(['image', 'image/file_name', 'objects'])
dict_keys(['image', 'image/file_name', 'objects'])
dict_keys(['image', 'image/file_name', 'objects'])

if dataset_name == 'bdd100k':
    train_ds = train_ds.map(lambda x0,x1: x0/255.)
    test_ds = test_ds.map(lambda x0,x1: x0/255.)
    validation_ds = validation_ds.map(lambda x0,x1: x0/255.)
else:
    
    train_ds = train_ds.map(lambda x: tf.image.resize(images=tf.cast(x['image'],dtype=tf.float32)/255.,\
                                                      size=[height,width]))
    train_ds = train_ds.batch(batch_size,drop_remainder=True)
    ###
    test_ds = test_ds.map(lambda x: tf.image.resize(tf.cast(x['image'],dtype=tf.float32)/255.,\
                                                    size=[height,width]))
    test_ds = test_ds.batch(batch_size,drop_remainder=True)
    ###
    validation_ds = validation_ds.map(lambda x: tf.image.resize(tf.cast(x['image'],dtype=tf.float32)/255.\
                                                                ,size=[height,width]))
    validation_ds = validation_ds.batch(batch_size,drop_remainder=True)

###
train_ds_double_zipped = tf.data.Dataset.zip(datasets=(train_ds,train_ds))
test_ds_double_zipped = tf.data.Dataset.zip(datasets=(test_ds,test_ds))
validation_ds_double_zipped = tf.data.Dataset.zip(datasets=(validation_ds,validation_ds))
    

latent_dim = 128
class CAE(tf.keras.Model):
    """Convolutional variational autoencoder."""

    def __init__(self, latent_dim):
        super(CAE, self).__init__()
        self.latent_dim = latent_dim
        self.logger = logging.getLogger('CAE')
        self.encoder = tf.keras.Sequential(name='encoder',layers=\
            [
                tf.keras.layers.InputLayer(input_shape=(height, width, depth)),
                tf.keras.layers.Conv2D(
                    filters=32, kernel_size=3, strides=(2, 2), activation='relu'),
                tf.keras.layers.Conv2D(
                    filters=64, kernel_size=3, strides=(2, 2), activation='relu'),
                tf.keras.layers.Flatten(),
                # No activation
                tf.keras.layers.Dense(latent_dim),
            ]
        )

        self.decoder = tf.keras.Sequential(name='decoder',layers=\
            [
                tf.keras.layers.InputLayer(input_shape=(latent_dim,)),
                tf.keras.layers.Dense(units=int(height/4) * int(width/4) * 32, activation=tf.nn.relu),
                tf.keras.layers.Reshape(target_shape=(int(height/4), int(width/4), 32)),
                tf.keras.layers.Conv2DTranspose(
                    filters=64, kernel_size=3, strides=2, padding='same',
                    activation='relu'),
                tf.keras.layers.Conv2DTranspose(
                    filters=32, kernel_size=3, strides=2, padding='same',
                    activation='relu'),
                # No activation
                tf.keras.layers.Conv2DTranspose(
                    filters=depth, kernel_size=3, strides=1, padding='same'),
            ]
        )

        self.encoder.summary()
        self.decoder.summary()
        
        
    def call(self, x):
        encoded = self.encoder(x)
        decoded = self.decoder(encoded)
        return decoded


cae = CAE(latent_dim)
cae.compile(optimizer='adam', loss=losses.MeanSquaredError())

Model: "encoder"
_________________________________________________________________
Layer (type)                 Output Shape              Param #   
=================================================================
conv2d (Conv2D)              (None, 179, 179, 32)      896       
_________________________________________________________________
conv2d_1 (Conv2D)            (None, 89, 89, 64)        18496     
_________________________________________________________________
flatten (Flatten)            (None, 506944)            0         
_________________________________________________________________
dense (Dense)                (None, 128)               64888960  
=================================================================
Total params: 64,908,352
Trainable params: 64,908,352
Non-trainable params: 0
_________________________________________________________________
Model: "decoder"
_________________________________________________________________
Layer (type)                 Output Shape              Param #   
=================================================================
dense_1 (Dense)              (None, 259200)            33436800  
_________________________________________________________________
reshape (Reshape)            (None, 90, 90, 32)        0         
_________________________________________________________________
conv2d_transpose (Conv2DTran (None, 180, 180, 64)      18496     
_________________________________________________________________
conv2d_transpose_1 (Conv2DTr (None, 360, 360, 32)      18464     
_________________________________________________________________
conv2d_transpose_2 (Conv2DTr (None, 360, 360, 3)       867       
=================================================================
Total params: 33,474,627
Trainable params: 33,474,627
Non-trainable params: 0
_________________________________________________________________

model_file_path = f'./models/cae_dataset_{dataset_name}_z_dim_{latent_dim}_data_dim_{height}x{width}x{depth}'
print(f'model path = {model_file_path}')

model path = ./models/cae_dataset_kitti_z_dim_128_data_dim_360x360x3

if os.path.exists(model_file_path):
    print('loading saved model')
    cae = tf.keras.models.load_model(filepath=model_file_path)
else:
    print('building model')
    # use checkpoints to save model fitting progress
    # https://www.tensorflow.org/api_docs/python/tf/keras/callbacks/ModelCheckpoint
    checkpoint_filepath = './checkpoint'
    model_checkpoint_callback = tf.keras.callbacks.ModelCheckpoint(
        filepath=checkpoint_filepath,
        save_weights_only=True,
        monitor='val_loss',
        mode='max',
        save_best_only=True)
    # Model weights are saved at the end of every epoch, if it's the best seen
    # so far.
    cae.fit(x=train_ds_double_zipped,validation_data=test_ds_double_zipped,epochs=epochs,\
            callbacks=[model_checkpoint_callback],use_multiprocessing=True)
    # The model weights (that are considered the best) are loaded into the model.
    cae.load_weights(checkpoint_filepath)
    print('saving model')
    cae.save(filepath=model_file_path)

loading saved model

# create valdation dataset tensor
for e in validation_ds.take(1):
    initial_state = tf.zeros(dtype=tf.float32,shape=e.shape)
validation_ds_tensor = validation_ds.\
        reduce(initial_state=initial_state,reduce_func=lambda x,y: tf.concat(values=[x,y],axis=0))
validation_ds_tensor = validation_ds_tensor[batch_size:] # drop dummy initial state

# calculate loss, can be compare over different dataset due to data scaling from 0 to 1
y_predicted = cae.predict(validation_ds)
cae_loss = cae.loss(y_pred=y_predicted,y_true=validation_ds_tensor).numpy()
print(f'CAE loss for dataset {dataset_name} = {np.round(cae_loss,4)}')

CAE loss for dataset kitti = 0.042899999767541885

# plot decoded images

for batch in validation_ds.take(2):
        z = cae.encoder(batch).numpy()
        decoded_imgs = cae.decoder(z).numpy()
        
        for i in range(batch.shape[0]):
            fig, (ax1, ax2) = plt.subplots(1, 2)
            ax1.imshow(batch[i])
            ax2.imshow(decoded_imgs[i])
          

WARNING:matplotlib.image:Clipping input data to the valid range for imshow with RGB data ([0..1] for floats or [0..255] for integers).
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/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/site-packages/ipykernel_launcher.py:8: RuntimeWarning: More than 20 figures have been opened. Figures created through the pyplot interface (`matplotlib.pyplot.figure`) are retained until explicitly closed and may consume too much memory. (To control this warning, see the rcParam `figure.max_open_warning`).
  
WARNING:matplotlib.image:Clipping input data to the valid range for imshow with RGB data ([0..1] for floats or [0..255] for integers).
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# getting z tensor
z_tensor = None

inf_or_unknown_cardinality = ((test_ds.cardinality()==tf.data.INFINITE_CARDINALITY)\
    or (test_ds.cardinality() == tf.data.UNKNOWN_CARDINALITY)).numpy()
batches = test_ds.cardinality().numpy() if not inf_or_unknown_cardinality else 500

with tqdm(total=batches) as pbar:
    for batch in test_ds.take(batches):
        z = cae.encoder(batch).numpy()
        if z_tensor is None:
            z_tensor = tf.convert_to_tensor(z)
        else:
            z_tensor = tf.concat([z_tensor,tf.convert_to_tensor(z)],axis=0)
        pbar.update(1)
        #print(f'z shape {z.shape}')
#         decoded_imgs = cae.decoder(z).numpy()
#         #print(f'decoded images shape {decoded_imgs[0].shape}')
#         plt.imshow(batch[0])
#         plt.show()
#         plt.imshow(decoded_imgs[0])
#         plt.show()
z_tensor.shape

/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/site-packages/ipykernel_launcher.py:8: TqdmDeprecationWarning: This function will be removed in tqdm==5.0.0
Please use `tqdm.notebook.tqdm` instead of `tqdm.tqdm_notebook`
  

TensorShape([704, 128])

z_np= z_tensor.numpy()
n_z = z_np.shape[0]
n_z_train = int(0.8*n_z)
z_train = z_np[:n_z_train]
z_test = z_np[n_z_train:]

random_state = 1
reg_covar = 0.1
logps = []
k_values = [1,10,20,50,70,80,100,200]
cov_types = ['diag','cov']
for k in k_values:
    for cov_type in ['diag','full']:
        try:
            gm_fit = GaussianMixture(n_components=k,covariance_type=cov_type,random_state=random_state,\
                                     reg_covar=reg_covar).fit(z_train)
            logp_gm = gm_fit.score(X=z_test)
            print(f'For Gaussin Mixture with k = {k} and cov type {cov_type}, logp =  {logp_gm}  ')
            logps.append({'k':k,'cov_type':cov_type,'logp':logp_gm})
            print('##############  ')
        except Exception as e:
            print(f'Catched expection {e}  ')

For Gaussin Mixture with k = 1 and cov type diag, logp =  -262.341110386977  
##############  
For Gaussin Mixture with k = 1 and cov type full, logp =  -11.438871900903225  
##############  
For Gaussin Mixture with k = 10 and cov type diag, logp =  -170.6917955997237  
##############  
For Gaussin Mixture with k = 10 and cov type full, logp =  -1.327926347027144  
##############  
For Gaussin Mixture with k = 20 and cov type diag, logp =  -137.54189665032573  
##############  
For Gaussin Mixture with k = 20 and cov type full, logp =  -0.37018736953522263  
##############  
For Gaussin Mixture with k = 50 and cov type diag, logp =  -113.42024058446295  
##############  
For Gaussin Mixture with k = 50 and cov type full, logp =  -6.77506646715561  
##############  
For Gaussin Mixture with k = 70 and cov type diag, logp =  -103.88851239114166  
##############  
For Gaussin Mixture with k = 70 and cov type full, logp =  -13.593873988321024  
##############  
For Gaussin Mixture with k = 80 and cov type diag, logp =  -101.45960509411145  
##############  
For Gaussin Mixture with k = 80 and cov type full, logp =  -16.753749716347343  
##############  
For Gaussin Mixture with k = 100 and cov type diag, logp =  -100.49451496007462  
##############  
For Gaussin Mixture with k = 100 and cov type full, logp =  -28.776018292355722  
##############  
For Gaussin Mixture with k = 200 and cov type diag, logp =  -97.06446524302851  
##############  
For Gaussin Mixture with k = 200 and cov type full, logp =  -65.05804713056555  
##############  

logps_df = pd.DataFrame.from_records(data=logps)
logps_df.sort_values(by='logp',ascending=False).reset_index()

	index	k	cov_type	logp
0	5	20	full	-0.370187
1	3	10	full	-1.327926
2	7	50	full	-6.775066
3	1	1	full	-11.438872
4	9	70	full	-13.593874
5	11	80	full	-16.753750
6	13	100	full	-28.776018
7	15	200	full	-65.058047
8	14	200	diag	-97.064465
9	12	100	diag	-100.494515
10	10	80	diag	-101.459605
11	8	70	diag	-103.888512
12	6	50	diag	-113.420241
13	4	20	diag	-137.541897
14	2	10	diag	-170.691796
15	0	1	diag	-262.341110